Treatment of minor diseases, part four
क्षुद्ररोगचिकित्सित · चिकित्साधिकार
Opening line of chapter sixteen, which continues the section on minor diseases (the running head reads क्षुद्ररोगाधिकार).
- Topics
- 105
- PDF pages
- 395–418
Topics in this session
Headings from the book in reading order. Open a topic for its summary and the knowledge it refers to.
The author bows to Jinendra, worshipped by Indra, and announces that he will describe the diseases for which the mouth is a cause, with all their features and causes.
Lists the diseases of the chapter: breathing disorder, cough, distaste, excessive thirst, vomiting, anorexia, hoarseness, udavarta, hiccup, pinasa and others. The physician who knows the…
When prana vayu moves in the reverse direction and rises upward, alone or with kapha, pressing as it goes, this is called shvasa. It is of five kinds; a footnote names them as maha, urdhva,…
Opening line of chapter sixteen, which continues the section on minor diseases (the running head reads क्षुद्ररोगाधिकार).
Breathlessness that arises on slight exertion and settles by itself on rest is kshudra shvasa. Breathlessness in a weak person with kapha and cough that worsens on eating food is tamaka…
Chhinna shvasa has a distended abdomen, burning in the bladder and severe pain in all limbs, with interrupted breathing. Maha shvasa has a fixed gaze, a dry throat, loud sound and colic…
Urdhva shvasa is strong upward breathing with piercing pain at the vital points, loss of voice and eyes turned upward; the text attributes this name to the Jinas.
Kshudra and tamaka shvasa are curable, though tamaka in a very weak person is very hard to cure. The sages say the remaining types should be abandoned.
A strong patient is first given emesis and then oil enema and other purifications; a weak patient is treated with pacifying medicines only.
Ghee cooked with long pepper and the salt group is said to calm very old shvasa. Bharangi powder with dry ginger and salt, mixed with clean oil, is also called beneficial.
Sesame oil cooked with twenty parts of bhringaraja juice and a paste of haritaki is said to destroy shvasa and cough quickly, just as triphala decoction taken with ghee does.
A powder of cinnamon, the three pungents, the three fruits, bharangi and the fruit of nrityakandaka, licked with sugar and ghee, is said to remove even long-standing, much increased shvasa…
The root of talapotaka taken with long pepper, salt, oil and ghee is said to remove even life-threatening shvasa in a moment. A footnote says this verse is not found in manuscript Kha.
Vitiated prana vayu joined with udana vayu comes out of the mouth with a sound like a cracked bronze vessel; this is kasa, and it is of five kinds.
The five kinds are vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, kshataja and kshayaja. Kshataja cough follows injury to the chest from exertion such as study and brings thick bloody discharge; kshayaja cough…
For much-increased vata cough: emesis, purgation with ghee and oil enema, or the well-known Shatpala ghee. A medicated smoke of rock salt, the three pungents, asafoetida and vidanga mixed…
The patient may drink slightly warm ghee or oil mixed with rock salt and black pepper, a sour gruel made with three peppers, a milk preparation (kheer) or milk itself.
Ghee cooked with kantakari juice, oil cooked with the juices of kasamarda, vasa and bhringaraja, or haritaki taken with salt are each said to destroy cough born of vata.
Ghee cooked in a decoction of the three lotuses, liquorice and sariva, licked repeatedly with sugar, is said to calm pitta cough.
Long pepper, ghee and jaggery drunk with buffalo milk, or liquorice ground in sugarcane juice, are said to destroy pitta cough quickly. A footnote gives a variant reading of the verse.
A powder of abhaya (rendered khas in the commentary), musta and dry ginger eaten with jaggery removes kapha cough. Emesis, purgation, head purgation, strong smoking, holding gargles and…
Equal parts of amalaki, gokshura, dates, priyala, liquorice, blue lotus, bharangi and long pepper are powdered; one aksha (the commentary says one tola) is taken with ghee and sugar while…
Rice, black gram, barley, shashtika rice and wheat are well roasted and ground, mixed with ghee and jaggery, and given with buffalo milk; this is said to destroy wasting cough.
The doshas pervert the taste of the mouth. The mouth is washed with decoctions that counter the dosha and the present taste, and suitable tooth-sticks, held liquids, gargles and head…
When liver and spleen are vitiated by the doshas, the throat and palate dry and a strong thirst arises in the heart region. Like cough it has five kinds; a footnote lists vataja, pittaja,…
The physician who knows the features of every dosha recognises the type from its pains and treats increased thirst with drinks of three kinds of medicines, one for each dosha.
Thirst after a wound, from heavy bleeding or severe pain, is kshataja. Thirst in the heart from loss of rasa (blood in the commentary), which never settles by day or night even when the…
If thirst does not leave even when the stomach is filled with water, the skilled physician induces emesis with cold water containing a paste of long pepper and liquorice.
Sour fruits are ground and applied on the tongue, and the patient drinks water in which heated iron, sand, silver or gold has been quenched, water cooked with the sweet or cooling groups,…
Severe thirst is overcome with warm water in the vata kind, cold water in the pitta kind and pungent, bitter and astringent drugs in the kapha kind, with emesis.
Thirst from ama, counted among the dosha kinds, is treated with the whole course given for pitta thirst, since thirst cannot arise without pitta. A footnote describes ama thirst as arising…
A thirsty patient is given a cinnamon decoction with sugar, the juice of latex trees or of jati, or the juice of the large udumbara.
A strained decoction of the roots of blue lotus, lotus, kaseru and water chestnut, with sandal, khas, camphor and netrabala, is kept overnight under the open sky; this cold fragrant water…
A decoction of sariva, kusha, kaseru, kasha grass, khas, nagaramotha and mahua, cooled and sweetened with sugar, is said to remove severe thirst.
Whatever has been eaten coming out by the mouth because of aggravated doshas or other causes is chhardi. It is of five kinds: vataja, pittaja, kaphaja, sannipataja and agantuja (from…
In external vomiting from pregnancy, excess of faeces, worms, disgusting sights or unwholesome food, the physician finds which doshas are increased and treats with the measures that destroy…
A patient who vomits matter mixed with blood, pus and kapha, is constantly beset by complications and faints again and again should be left by the knowing physician as incurable.
When vomiting comes with very strong doshas, a physician who knows the Jain Ayurvedic sequence gives emesis and purgation with the dosha-destroying drugs already described.
Dry, suitable and light food is wholesome. A gruel with sour substance and rock salt, and warm milk mixed with water, are said to quickly calm vomiting from vata.
Milk cooked with water boiled with the roots of bilva, agnimantha, both brihatis and tuntuka, given warm with ghee, is said to remove strong vata vomiting.
A clear amalaki decoction mixed with ghee, sugarcane juice, milk and drugs of the cooling group is said to remove strong pitta vomiting.
Water cooked with patha, aragvadha pulp, musta and nimba, with pungent drugs such as the three pungents added, is said to remove kapha vomiting quickly.
A decoction of guduchi not damaged by insects, with sugar, is said to calm even vomiting from all three doshas.
A soaked preparation (tarpana) of parched rice flour with sugar, cardamom, nagakesara, clove and long pepper is given to vomiting patients who suffer thirst. A powder of jujube kernel and…
For patients troubled by vomiting, the skilled physician should arrange tasty, fragrant and well-prepared eatables, meals, drinks and linctuses in the proper way.
Aggravated doshas, grief, fear, anger and the like, and impairment of the digestive fire cause an unmatched aversion to food, which shows the features of its own cause; this is arochaka.
Knowing the patient's region, season, family and community, and which foods and tastes suit and please such a person, the physician gives varied appetising foods, drinks and linctuses so…
The anorexic patient is given emesis, purgation and decoction enema, drugs that kindle digestion, nasal medication, strong held liquids and gargles.
A powder of yavakshara, rock salt, haritaki, the pungents and amalaki is stirred into citron juice and drunk for anorexia; the teeth are also cleaned with the same drugs.
The anorexic patient's mouth is washed with a decoction of the urine group, turmeric, the three fruits and sour, alkaline, bitter, pungent, hot and astringent drugs; tooth-sticks of sour…
People with anorexia should always be given tasty, dry and light food with sour, bitter, pungent and pleasant vegetables, and the food should suit the patient's own liking.
Loud recitation, excessive grief, taking poison, a blow to the throat, loud talking and speech-making damage the voice. It arises from vata, pitta, kapha, all three doshas, fat and blood,…
In vata hoarseness the voice seems broken and harsh like a donkey's; in pitta hoarseness the throat dries and burns with much thirst; in kapha hoarseness the throat is blocked by phlegm and…
When all the above features appear together it is tridoshic hoarseness, which is incurable. In hoarseness from blood the face darkens and the voice comes out with much heat; the sages call…
When vitiated fat reaches the throat and palate, the person speaks with great difficulty, slowly and thickly, and cannot pronounce letters clearly; the fat disorder should be removed with…
All patients with voice disorders are examined well and treated by dosha with oleation and other procedures, suitable medicines, or the medicines that calm breathing disorder and cough.
In vata hoarseness ghee is drunk daily after meals; in pitta hoarseness milk with ghee and jaggery; in kapha hoarseness alkaline water mixed with the three pungents and the three fruits.
Oil cooked with bhringaraja and amalaki juice is given as nasya, with gargles, soups, held liquids and smoking from suitable drug groups. Green gram cooked as a milk pudding in milk mixed…
- Treatment of fat, tridoshic and blood hoarsenessमेदज सन्निपातज व रक्तज स्वरभेद चिकित्साPrinciplep. 337
Fat-born hoarseness is treated with the treatment for kapha hoarseness. The tridoshic and blood kinds are declared incurable, and the physician should try treatment only after careful…
The patient eats black sesame with bhringaraja leaves, or roasted chickpeas with black pepper, and then drinks warm milk mixed with cow ghee and sugar.
When a person holds back the urges of flatus and the others, the provoked apana vayu rises and pervades udana vayu, producing udavarta, which is as dreadful as a snake, lightning, fire or a…
Those who want a long life should never hold back an urge that has come. Holding back apana wind at once produces colic, distension, breathlessness, heart disease and hiccup.
Apana displaced from its path may harden and hold the faeces and throw them out through the mouth. When urine is held back it comes out in small amounts, with distension and pain in the…
Holding back the urge of faeces out of ignorance causes colic, gurgling, breathlessness, constipation, hiccup, faeces coming from the mouth and a severe cutting pain.
Holding back the urge of semen causes swelling of the urinary opening, anus and testicles, difficult passing of urine mixed with semen, and even the serious disease of seminal stone.
When vomiting is held back, the doshas that spoil the retained food produce kushtha. Holding back tears of grief or joy produces diseases of the head and eyes. A footnote gives the variant…
Holding back a sneeze produces diseases of the nose, mouth, eyes and head. In all seven kinds of udavarta the physician applies the treatment of vata disorders.
A man with semen udavarta should be satisfied by a very beautiful woman with pleasing touch and the like; in every kind of udavarta the physician does whatever suits that case.
When provoked vayu, forcefully afflicting spleen, intestines and liver, comes up to the mouth again and again with a hik sound, it is hikka; because it destroys the life-breaths it is so…
The great vayu called prana, provoked together with kapha, produces five kinds of hiccup: annaja, yamika, kshudrika, mahapralaya and gambhirika.
Vata pressed down by too much sharp and pungent food suddenly rises with pain in the heart and ribs, causing annaja hiccup. Hiccup that shakes the throat and head and comes in pairs at…
Hiccup that comes after long intervals with slow force, step by step, from the root of the collarbone, that is from the junction of throat and chest, is kshudrika, true to its name.
Hiccup that constantly comes with force that greatly afflicts the vital points and shakes the whole body is the great hiccup. Hiccup that arises pressing the navel region, brings fever and…
A hiccup patient whose body is stretched, who is very wasted, whose gaze turns upward, who sneezes, has anorexia and feels as if the ribs were broken, is left by the physician as incurable.
To settle the hiccup and check its bouts, the physician uses breath control, threatening, striking, or startling the patient with water and the like.
A powder of sugar, liquorice and long pepper is said to calm even violent hiccup. Gold and red ochre mixed with ghee, or realgar mixed with ghee, are also licked.
In the morning the patient drinks sour juice of citron, lemon and the like with rock salt, slightly warmed, or warm milk with ghee and powdered alkalis; this is said to destroy hiccup…
Antimony collyrium (surma), amalaki, jujube and parched rice soaked in ghee and jaggery are given to eat; katurohini, and a paste of patali flowers and fruit, are also called useful.
In hiccup with much upward-moving vata, enema is used especially, purgation with rock salt and sour substances is arranged, and the warm group of foods is given.
Having finished hiccup, the author turns to the group of coryza diseases. Vata, kapha, pitta and blood lodged in the head, provoked singly or together, produce coryza with their own…
Before coryza appears there is sneezing, aching of the whole body, heaviness of the head, stiffness, constant horripilation without cause, and thirst and other complications.
Thin clear nasal discharge, a covered and blocked nose, dryness of throat, palate and lips, needling pain in the temples, loss of sleep, much sneezing and hoarseness mark vata coryza.
Yellow, hot, foul discharge suddenly flows from the head, breath from the nose is hot like smoke and fire, and thirst, burning and other pitta signs appear.
Swelling above the eyes, heavy head, itching of throat, palate, lips and head, cold, thick white nasal discharge, craving for warm things, and the breathing passage blocked by dense phlegm…
In coryza from blood there is constant bleeding from the nose, red eyes, daily signs of chest injury, foul breath, and the patient cannot perceive any smell.
Coryza that comes again and again and suddenly subsides, ripened or unripened, then returns, and shows the signs of all doshas, is tridoshic coryza; the verse calls it irregular.
The nostrils quickly dry and then become wet again, increased phlegm blocks the channels so the nose closes and sometimes suddenly opens, the breath is foul, and the patient perceives no…
If the doshas of any of these coryzas are not removed in time out of ignorance, in the course of time they become badly vitiated, hard to cure or fit to be refused, or bring on wasting…
New, unripe coryza is calmed by drinking ghee prepared with medicines chosen according to the doshas; to ripen it, sudation, massage, gargles of the three pungents and emesis and other…
- Treatment of vata, pitta, kapha and blood coryzaवात, पित्त, कफ व रक्तज प्रतिश्यायचिकित्साFormulationp. 345
In vata coryza ghee mixed with the five salts is drunk; in pitta and blood coryza ghee cooked with bitter, amalaki and sweet drugs; in kapha coryza ghee cooked with hot, very pungent,…
Coryza is said to ripen quickly with warm water boiled with dry ginger, milk cooked with red shigru and fresh ginger, sharp foods such as mustard, soups of pea, pigeon pea and green gram,…
Vitiated coryza from all doshas is said to settle quickly with ghee cooked with the hot, alkaline and pungent group, pressed nasal drops and other strong nasal medicines, warm affusion,…
Having understood these great coryza diseases, which differ by the doshas, the physician who knows all medicines treats them with measures that destroy those doshas.
The work is likened to a drop drawn from the ocean of scripture that came from the mouth of Jinendra, with all substances and principles as its waves and the means for this world and the…
- Colophon of chapter sixteenइत्युग्रादित्याचार्यकृत कल्याणकारके चिकित्साधिकारे क्षुद्ररोगचिकित्सितं नामादितः षोडशः परिच्छेदःEditorialp. 346
Colophon: thus ends chapter sixteen, named treatment of minor diseases, in the treatment section of Ugradityacharya's Kalyanakaraka, with the matching Hindi line naming Vardhaman…