The descent of the science
शास्त्रावतार · स्वास्थ्यरक्षणाधिकार
The colophon closes the first chapter, named Śāstrāvatāra (the descent of the science), within the part on protecting health (svāsthya-rakṣaṇa-adhikāra) of Ugrādityācārya's Kalyāṇakāraka, followed by the Hindi line naming the Bhāvārthadīpikā commentary of Vardhamān Pārśvanāth Śāstrī. A footnote records that manuscript 'ka' adds the word mahāsaṃhitāyāṃ.
- Topics
- 29
- PDF pages
- 73–84
Topics in this session
Headings from the book in reading order. Open a topic for its summary and the knowledge it refers to.
The opening verse honours Ṛṣabhanātha (Vṛṣabha), the first Tīrthaṅkara, whose footstool is worshipped by the gem-light of the crowns of the lords of gods and men, who conquered the karmic…
Emperor Bharata and others come to Ṛṣabhanātha's assembly (samavasaraṇa), bow and recall that in the earlier enjoyment-lands people lived happily on wish-fulfilling trees and went to…
- Kalyāṇakārakam by Śrī Ugrādityācārya, with Hindi translationश्री उग्रादित्याचार्यकृतं कल्याणकारकम् हिन्दीभाषानुवादसहितम्Otherp. 1
Title lines at the start of the main text, naming the work (Kalyāṇakārakam), its author Śrī Ugrādityācārya and the accompanying Hindi translation.
When the chief disciples, led by the gaṇadhara Vṛṣabhasena, and Bharata had made their request for the good of the world and sat silent, the Lord's divine voice, described as the goddess of…
The divine voice first set out in brief the features of the person, of diseases, of medicines and the distinctions of time, so dividing the whole of Ayurveda into four subjects with their…
The teaching revealed by the divine voice was grasped directly by the gaṇadharas and then by sages holding the four pure kinds of knowledge; it came down from Ṛṣabha through all the…
The author vows to set out the work called Kalyāṇakāraka, a name true to its meaning, which he likens to a few drops thrown up by a rising wave in the nectar-ocean of the Jina's teaching…
The author writes neither to show eloquence, nor from poetic pride, nor to humble other scholars, but as his own austerity, following the earlier teachers. Others call self-study the root…
Wicked people are likened to venomous snakes: crooked, harmful by their look, double-tongued, seeking faults as snakes seek holes, and troubling others; some, valued only at home, blame all…
Having set aside envy, the author resolves to relate the science as promised: issued from the mouth of the omniscient, received by the gaṇadharas and brought down to earth through the line…
Vidyā is defined as the fully arisen eye of omniscience (kevala-jñāna); grammarians call the noble science born of it 'vaidya', and those who study it with reflection are called vaidyas,…
The science is also called Ayurveda: 'veda', from the root vid meaning knowledge, reflection and gain, here means what tells the true nature of things, and joined with 'āyus' it names the…
The author promises to describe, following the Jina's teaching, the qualities, marks and bearing of those whom earlier teachers held fit to study under a physician devoted to the welfare of…
One born in a kṣatriya, brāhmaṇa or vaiśya family who is intelligent, of blameless conduct, skilled and humble is said to be entitled to study this science; he should approach the teacher…
The teacher should first examine the disciple's qualities, nature and family; if he is fit, have him take the vows of non-violence, truth, non-stealing and the rest before the Jina, and…
Students need outer and inner means: the outer are the teacher, books and similar aids, fellow students, lodging and food; the inner are health, intelligence, humility, effort and love of…
Medical science exists to benefit the world, and its purpose is twofold: protecting the health of the healthy and freeing the sick from disease; the work promises to set out all of this in…
The ancient sages call 'loka' the place where living beings, stationary and moving, with their kinds and qualities, and the other true categories are found or seen; the commentary names the…
Of the fourteen classes of living beings in Jain doctrine, fully developed beings rank above undeveloped ones and those with a mind above those without, and religious humans born in a land…
The sages call the kriyā mentioned before chikitsā (treatment), and it rests on four components endowed with their qualities: the physician, the patient, the medicine and the attendants. Of…
A physician who knows the meaning of the texts, is intelligent, versed in other schools' views, skilled in proper treatment and in combining medicines, steady, religious, of good conduct…
The physician should first learn the patient's span of life through questions, portents, omens, scripture, astrology (ascendant and lunar conjunctions), dreams and the words of those with…
Death signs are described as a reversal of the patient's constitution, natural disposition, shadow, form and chief characteristics, a derangement of the five senses, and faeces and phlegm…
A messenger sent for the physician who is deficient or excessive in limbs, very thin, dark, rough-bodied or sick, carries a weapon or staff, or comes weeping at twilight and trembling with…
When the physician sets out for the patient's house, agitation, a sneeze, words of obstruction ('bind', 'stop', 'shut'), rivalry, stumbling, anger, great distress, an attack on the village,…
At departure, calm quarters and the sounds of drums, kettledrums, conch, rain-clouds, flute and mṛdaṅga are good signs, as is meeting, face to face, an umbrella, a banner, a prince, a…
- Judging short and long life by bodily marks (sāmudrika)सामुद्रिक शास्त्रानुसार अल्पायु-महायु परीक्षाPrognosisp. 10
Marks of a long life are listed: soft, fleshy, glossy hands and feet like aśoka shoots or lotuses with many auspicious lines; long, fleshy ears; eyes like blue lotuses; teeth like pearls or…
The learned physician who has crossed the ocean of the scriptures should first judge the patient's life span, then understand the disease fully and work methodically to remove it, so…
- Colophon of chapter 1: the descent of the science (Śāstrāvatāra)इत्युग्रादित्याचार्यकृत कल्याणकारके स्वास्थ्यरक्षणाधिकारे शास्त्रावतारः प्रथमः परिच्छेदःOtherp. 12
The colophon closes the first chapter, named Śāstrāvatāra (the descent of the science), within the part on protecting health (svāsthya-rakṣaṇa-adhikāra) of Ugrādityācārya's Kalyāṇakāraka,…