Linganasha (cataract-like blindness)

When timira reaches the fourth layer it obstructs sight on every side; this is called linganasha (loss of sight) and has six kinds.

A footnote says linganasha is also called timira and in common usage motiyabindu.

Linganasha is also called nilika kacha. In the vata type all objects always appear reddish and rough.

If linganasha (timira) dissolves quickly when it is pressed, it is to be understood as born of intense kapha.

Externally caused (agantuka) linganasha is of two kinds; the caused kind arises from a severe blow, such as wind that has touched the fruit of a poisonous tree touching the head, or an injury, and has the signs of tridoshic abhishyanda.

Linganasha from staring fixedly at the sun, Indra, serpent deities or brilliant gems such as diamonds destroys the power of sight; it is not joined with the doshas, the eye keeps its natural form, and it is called animittaja.

In the pitta type objects appear like lightning, the rainbow, fire, the sun and fireflies; in the kapha type white; in the blood type very red and dark.

In the type born of all three doshas the patient sees many strange, many-coloured forms and all things appear distorted.

When kacha is of vata the drishti circle becomes red and fixed; from pitta it becomes blue, parimlayi (faded yellow-blue) or tawny; from kapha white, and the colour vanishes when it is rubbed.

From blood the drishti circle becomes red like coral or dark, and from all three doshas variegated; these are the six kinds of linganasha.

Kacha is listed as palliable (yapya) in every dosha group: the vata kacha also called aruna, the pitta nilika kacha, and the kacha born of kapha, of blood and of all three doshas.

These two external diseases, the caused and the uncaused, are said to be sometimes curable and sometimes incurable.

The six kinds of kacha, in which the person still sees to some extent, are counted with pakshmakopa as the seven palliable eye diseases.