Immobile (sthāvara) poison is described as tenfold by the part in which it resides, each kind with its own signs; tuber poisons are thirteen, and all are said to kill untimely.
Names and synonyms
- Sanskrit
- स्थावरविषमूलविषफलविषधातुविष
- Hindi
- स्थावर विषपौधों का जहरधातु विष
- English
- Plant and mineral poisonsplant poisonsmineral poisonsinanimate poisons
- Romanized
- sthavara visha
Types described in the text
Root poison
मूलविष
Found in kṛtaka, araka, aśvamāra (kaner), guñjā and others; causes delirium, fainting and udveṣṭana.
Leaf poison
पत्रविष
Found in viṣadalikā (viṣapatrikā), karambha and others; causes laboured breathing, yawning and udveṣṭana.
Flower poison
पुष्पविष
Kanaka (dhatūrā), tumbikā and others hold poison in their flowers as well as fruit and leaves; flower poison causes heaviness of the abdomen, fainting and vomiting.
Fruit poison
फलविष
Causes loss of taste, swelling of the scrotum and burning.
Bark, heartwood and exudate poisons
त्वग्विष, सारविष, निर्यासविष
Found in the cilla tree; cause headache, stiffness of the mouth, blindness and excess kapha.
Latex (milk) poison
दुग्धविष
Found in arka, tilvaka (lodh) and all kinds of snuhī; causes a heavy tongue, vomiting of much froth and excessive purging.
Mineral poison
धातुविष
Orpiment, sulphur, realgar, saṅkhiyā and similar substances from mines; cause burning in the heart region, fainting and dryness of the mouth.
Tuber poison
कंदविष
Thirteen kinds, each with its own signs (see the tuber poison ingredient records).
What the text says
Each statement reports the source, with its chapter, page and verse. Traditional descriptions are not presented as proven medical facts.
Classification2
Immobile (vanaja, sthāvara) poison is said to be of ten kinds, residing in root, leaf, flower, fruit, bark, latex, exudate (gum), heartwood, minerals and tubers.
Tuber (kanda) poisons are called extremely fierce and of thirteen kinds: kālakūṭa, karkaṭaka, sarṣapaka, kardamaka, vatsanābha, mūlaka, puṇḍarīka, mahāviṣa, sambhā (śṛṅgī), mustaka, hālāhala, pālaka and vairāṭaka; each is to be identified by its own signs before it is treated.
Signs and symptoms6
Immobile poison is said to act in seven stages (vega). In the first the tongue becomes stiff and black, and there is fainting with fear, pain in the heart region and giddiness.
In the second stage there are said to be trembling, throat pain, intense burning, sweating, yawning, thirst, abdominal colic and loud gurgling in the intestines.
In the third stage of all tuber poisons the poison is said to reach the stomach and cause severe pain there; the throat and palate dry up and the eyes swell and turn yellow or dark.
In the fourth stage there are said to be gurgling in the intestines, abdominal colic, hiccup and great heaviness of the head.
In the fifth stage there are said to be splitting pains in the joints, discharge of kapha, change of complexion and provocation of all doṣas; in the sixth, profuse diarrhoea with colic and fainting.
In the seventh stage the shoulders, back and waist are said to feel broken and breathing stops.
Properties1
The thirteen tuber poisons are called extremely intense, of fierce potency and harmful; endowed with their ten qualities they kill a person quickly.
Treatment principle1
The physician who knows the stages of poison should determine the poison from these signs and pacify the dreadful poison at once.
Prognosis1
All the dreadful poisons described are said to destroy living beings untimely, before their span of life is complete.
Other1
A footnote says that the synonyms of kṛtaka and the other poisons quoted without explanation are found in no lexicon, nor is it known where they grow or what they are called in practice; it cites commentators who say such poisons are to be learned from the Kirāta and Śabara peoples of the Himalayan region.
Where else is this mentioned?
Named 11 times on 6 pages. These are automatic name matches, so a few may refer to something else with the same name.
- Book page 413Chapter 19×3… यसनतद्रुमसारवरैरधिकसुधातुभिर्बहुविधोक्रसुकंदगणै:॥ 29॥ भावार्थ : वजनज (स्थावर) विष दस प्रकार के होते हैं। मूलग (जड) विष, पत्रविष, पुष्पविष, फलविष, त्वग् …
- Book page 414Chapter 19×3… अरक, अश्वमार (कनेर) गुंजा (घुंघची) आदि के जड में विष रहता है। अत: इसे मूलविष कहते हैं। विषदलिकी (विषपत्रिका) करंभ आदि के पत्रों में विष रहता है। इ …
- Book page 419Chapter 19×2कल्याणकारके / विषरोगाधिकार: 419 स्थावरविष के सप्तवेग प्रथमवेग लक्षण स्थावरोग्रविषवेग इदानीमुच्यते प्रथमवे …
- Book page 421Chapter 19… षमदाह, तृषा, तीव्रजवर आदि समस्त दूष्ीविषजन्य विकार शांत होते हैं। इति स्थावरविष वर्णन
- Book page 422Chapter 19… ) स्पर्श, मुखसंदंश (मुख के पकड) शूक (डंक या कांटे) शव ( मृत शरीर ) ये स्थावर विष के सोलह अधिष्ठान (आधार) हैं। अर्थात् उपरोक्र आधार में विष रहता है, ये …
- Book page 624Appendix: Hitahita… ी ओर होती है। और मूलज विष की गति ऊपर की ओर होती है। इसलिए दंष्ट्रिविष मूलविष का नाश करता है। इसी प्रकार अग्नि भी अग्निविष के लिए औषधि के रूप में उ …
Questions and answers
What are the three kinds of poison, and in which ten parts does immobile poison reside?
Poison is immobile (forest-born), animal or artificial; immobile poison resides in root, leaf, flower, fruit, bark, latex, exudate, heartwood, minerals and tubers.
Detailed answer and sourcesWhich are the thirteen tuber poisons?
Kālakūṭa, karkaṭaka, sarṣapaka, kardamaka, vatsanābha, mūlaka, puṇḍarīka, mahāviṣa, sambhā (śṛṅgī), mustaka, hālāhala, pālaka and vairāṭaka.
Detailed answer and sourcesAll references
Every page and verse of the source that this entry draws on.
- Chapter 19 · p. 413 · v. 29
- Chapter 19 · p. 414 · v. 30
- Chapter 19 · p. 414 · v. 30, 32
- Chapter 19 · p. 414 · v. 31, 33
- Chapter 19 · p. 414 · v. 31, 34
- Chapter 19 · p. 415 · v. 34
- Chapter 19 · p. 415 · v. 35-38
- Chapter 19 · p. 417 · v. 45
- Chapter 19 · p. 419 · v. 53
- Chapter 19 · p. 419 · v. 54
- Chapter 19 · p. 419 · v. 55
- Chapter 19 · p. 419 · v. 56
- Chapter 19 · p. 419 · v. 57
- Chapter 19 · p. 420 · v. 58
Extraction notes
- The commentary's list of mineral poisons begins with जल (verse: जलहरिताल); that reading is unclear.
- For verse 45 the commentary says thirteen qualities where the verse says ten.
Quick facts
- Content type
- Condition
- Categories
- Poisons
- Source pages with records
- 6
- Pages naming it
- 6
- Chapters
- Chapter 19
- Extraction tasks
- T20
- Record id
- condition_sthavara_visha