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For knife and caustic work on piles, an instrument shaped like a cow's teat is made of silver, gold or copper, four angula long and five angula round, with two openings: one at its mouth,…

For knife and caustic work on piles, an instrument shaped like a cow's teat is made of silver, gold or copper, four angula long and five angula round, with two openings: one at its mouth,…

Chapter 12 treats piles as a major disease: causes, six kinds with their signs, sites in the anal folds, prodromes, its name mularoga, fatal signs, related growths elsewhere and their…

The verse compares surgery to the eight kinds of karma of all embodied beings and lists its eight acts: excision, incision, scraping, puncturing, probing for unseen arrows and other foreign…

The instrument for bhagandara is like the one described earlier for piles, with one difference stated by the learned: its collar (karnika) is shaped like a half moon.

For a curable bhagandara the instrument used for piles, but with a half-moon collar, is inserted with care and an iron probe (eshani) is passed to find whether the opening of the fistula is…

A strong patient is prepared with oleation, sudation, emesis, purgation and the like, fed a small light, unctuous, warm meal, and on a clear, mild day in a secluded place laid in an…

Yantra are the devices used to grasp, pull out and inspect foreign bodies lodged in the body, to apply knife, caustic and fire in piles, fistula and similar diseases, to protect the…