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Ashmari (urinary stone) is described as kapha that hardens in the bladder into a dense stone. Kapha predominates in every stone, but four kinds are named after the leading factor: kapha,…

Stones of all the doshas are said to occur especially in children, because of much sleeping by day, a very narrow urinary passage, rich and pleasant sweet food and the natural increase of…

Opens the section on ashmari (urinary stone), which runs to verse 43 and includes its remedies and the uttara basti procedure.

A soft stone is cured by medicines; a hard, grown stone is broken open with care and removed, that is, by surgery.

Kapha predominates in every stone, yet by primary and secondary factor four kinds are named: from kapha, pitta, vata and semen. Footnotes add that a stone is kapha hardened in the bladder,…

Cow milk is one of the eight kinds of milk, all said to be wholesome for all beings.

The kachnār tree is named among the five lavaṇī plants growing by the sea, said to remove vata, produce kapha, pitta and blood, cause wasting, digest with difficulty and suit urinary stone…

Kaṭerī (verse kāsaghnī) leaves are listed among leaf vegetables said to remove kapha, to be hot and to be wholesome in vata disorders.

Lentil (masūra) is listed among the foods whose use aggravates vāta.

The pomegranate tree is named among the five lavaṇī plants growing by the sea, said to remove vata, produce kapha, pitta and blood, cause wasting, digest with difficulty and suit urinary…

Silk-cotton (semal) flowers are listed among flowers said to increase vata and kapha, calm pitta and blood, and expel worms from the belly.

The verse lists sour sauvīra (the commentary: sour kāñjī) and liquor and its products among the causes of pitta aggravation.

Heading that opens the thirteenth chapter. Its first section, named after sharkara (urinary gravel), goes on to ashmari (urinary stone) and bhagandara (fistula-in-ano).

The silk-cotton tree, lentil, the kachnār tree, the pomegranate tree and the kaṭāī plant are called the five lavaṇī plants, which always grow on the seashore.

Long-standing diarrhoea, chronic fever, insanity, epilepsy, urinary stone, gulma, abdominal enlargement, liver disorder, vata, breathlessness and cough, spleen enlargement, ashthila,…

Patients with mouth diseases, obstructed labour, abdominal enlargement or urinary stone are operated on with great care without being fed, and stone surgery is done promptly. For piles, the…

The major diseases are named as prameha, kushtha, udara, vatavyadhi, mudhagarbha, haemorrhoids (arsha), urinary stone (ashmari) and fistula-in-ano (bhagandara).

A form of urinary obstruction in which urine dried by aggravated vata becomes a large stone-like mass blocking stool, urine and wind.

Mutrakricchra is presented as eight further kinds of urinary obstruction (ghata read as kricchra, difficult passing) arising from the three doshas, their combination, injury, faeces, gravel…

The potable kind of kshara is said to be used in compound poisoning (gara), abdominal enlargement, gulma, weak digestion, urinary stone and gravel, various nodules, piles, severe internal…

Sour gruel (sauvīra, kāñjī) is described as sour, cold only to the touch but burning inside; it kindles digestion, expels urinary stone, breaks up gulma and similar swellings, removes vata,…

Five 'lavaṇī' plants growing on the seashore, glossed as silk-cotton, lentil, kachnār, pomegranate and kaṭāī, are said to remove vata, produce kapha, pitta and blood, cause wasting (śoṣa),…

When aggravated vata dries the urine, it grows into a stone-hard dense mass that blocks stool, urine and wind; this very dreadful urinary stone disease is also called mutrashthilika.

Lukewarm milk (cow's milk, says the verse) is said to be wholesome in long-standing diarrhoea, chronic fever, insanity, epilepsy, urinary stone, gulma, abdominal enlargement, liver…