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The verse describes sesame as hot, pervaded by astringent, bitter and sweet tastes, binding and appetising, light in digestion, and, applied to wounds, cleansing and healing.

Eating sesame oil is listed among the causes of pitta aggravation.

Alternatively, a cotton swab (pichu) soaked in sesame oil is placed in the yoni in vata-type yoni diseases.

Oil cake (piṇyāka, glossed by the commentary as sesame oil cake) is listed among the causes of pitta aggravation.

Foul-smelling, slimy pox ulcers are washed with decoctions of trees such as neem and the milky-sap trees and with lukewarm kanji, and finely ground sesame is applied to calm the heat.

Sesame oil prepared with all the fragrant drugs is applied when pox arising from vata and kapha is ripening.

Grains of the nishpava group (red, white and other kinds of nishpava) mixed with sesame oil and given in food are said to destroy all sinus wounds and apachi.

For kaksha the verse prescribes pastes of indrapushpa, madhuka, sesame and peas; the commentary calls a paste of clove, licorice, sesame and manjishtha useful.

A paste of sesame and hribera is drunk with whey (the liquid of curd) in the ama stage of pitta diarrhoea.

Sesame is described as hot, astringent, bitter and sweet (the commentary names astringent and sweet), binding (stopping fluid discharges), kindling digestion and light to digest; applied to…

Dry ginger, black pepper and long pepper with rock salt, mixed in sesame oil, are given to the newly delivered woman to drink.

Sesame, apamarga, gokshura, tala palm, mushkaka, aragvadha and kimshuka are burnt to ash, stirred in water and strained; this alkaline water with shilajit and bida salt added is said to…

Flour of shali rice, black gram and sesame is made into cakes (pūpa); the verse has them cooked with milk and ghee mixed with sugar, and the commentary has them eaten with sugar, milk and…

Cakes of shali rice, black gram and sesame flour, cooked with milk and ghee mixed with sugar (the commentary: eaten with sugar, milk and ghee), are said to nourish and to help satisfy a…

Cakes (pua) made from flour of barley, sesame, jaggery, black gram and shali rice are to be eaten by the consumptive.

Good black sesame, half a kudava (8 tola), is eaten every morning, followed by cold water; when it is digested the patient takes suitable food; the text says the piles go and the patient…

For hoarseness, black sesame is eaten with bhringaraja leaves, followed by warm milk mixed with cow ghee and sugar.

Sesame oil consecrated by reciting the holy names of the Tirthankaras is given to the pregnant woman to drink, and chasha-patra is placed at the mouth of the vagina; the text says delivery…

For three, five or seven days with the amount raised step by step; after that it becomes habituated (satmya), so it is not drunk beyond seven days.

Named in this range among the facial conditions that rubbing the face with the hands every day after meals is said to remove.

Good black sesame, half a kudava (8 tola), is eaten every morning with cold water after it; when it is digested the patient takes suitable food, and the text says the piles go.

Chapter 23 ends with a series of pastes, oils and nasyas said to turn white hair black, most of them containing iron powder and matured in iron vessels or pots buried in grain.

Taking digestion as the example, the introduction says the pācaka pitta in the āmāśaya, pakvāśaya and similar organs is gross and can be seen directly, with qualities such as a raw smell…

Horse gram soup with sesame oil (the commentary says: or sesame oil), mixed with trikatu, asafoetida and vidanga, is said to be beneficial against worms.